Ultra-Long Exposure Photography
Originally published May 2026.

This project attempts to capture the motion of the sun using ultra-long exposure film photography.

This project examines photography in two modes– The first is with a focus on what’s presented in the image– subject matter, and narrative. The second is a focus on how the image is created– technique and technology. This project developed to prioritize these equally to tell a story about my experience with time and sleep disorders and boredom and from being interested in the technical challenge of solving something I haven’t seen attempted before.

Conceptually, the project aims to compress AN EXTENT of time into ONE space. The reasoning is that analog photogaphy represents time in a single frame compared to how video represents time across a series of frames. The single frame contains as much experience as the video or lived event, but all the hours are compacted into the same place and moment. This means the long-exposure photo is an object with an unusual density of time.

The sun was chosen as subject matter because it's speed is universally understood and it leaves a distinct mark rather than a smudge. With the sun the image contains the key to deciphering the exposure duration without requiring external context. I also am aquainted with daylight as a motif to represent boredom and my experience with sleep disorders. It feels beautiful and empty to me.

The other motivation for this project was curiosity about the limits of photography. Photos begin being referred to as "long exposure" after the one second mark. I've seen film photography projects push past that mark into the 2-3 hour range, and months-long solargrams burned into paper, but nothing falling in the middle.

Using photopaper to test focus on a handmade pinhole camera with 12 pinholes.
Labled duration and ND-filter tests from the handmade pinhole camera. It shoots 12 frames at once, and each pinhole is closed sepratley. These tests help me discover properties of the film stock I'm using.
Some of the first images on the Nikon F2 which I used for the rest of the project. I'm using Film Photography Project's Super Positive Black and White Film, which has an ISO of 0.8.
I've switched to caffenol developer to preserve the film's contrast and have been stacking ND-rated lighting gels on top of my ND-filter. All except the second image are of the sun and are able to preserve detail in the foreground.
The final round of images.